管(guan)(guan)道(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)是將管(guan)(guan)道(dao)進行疏通，清(qing)理管(guan)(guan)道(dao)里(li)面的(de)淤(yu)泥，保持長期(qi)暢通，以防止(zhi)城市發生(sheng)內澇。我們走(zou)在(zai)街(jie)(jie)道(dao)上(shang)都(dou)會看到各種下水(shui)(shui)(shui)道(dao)井蓋，很多都(dou)是污水(shui)(shui)(shui)井蓋，下雨天供城市街(jie)(jie)道(dao)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)用的(de)，但是一旦下水(shui)(shui)(shui)道(dao)堵塞就會造成積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，所(suo)以管(guan)(guan)道(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)是市政建(jian)設中很重要的(de)一個環節，那么在(zai)進行管(guan)(guan)道(dao)清(qing)淤(yu)的(de)時候有哪些訣竅和方(fang)法呢？

高壓水射(she)流清(qing)淤技(ji)術

高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)是現(xian)如今最(zui)廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。該(gai)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)主要采用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)車(che)進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)車(che)把管(guan)(guan)(guan)道中堵塞的(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥沖(chong)刷到(dao)(dao)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(排污(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道)或(huo)(huo)雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)檢查(cha)井，再通(tong)過(guo)(guo)專用(yong)(yong)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)車(che)或(huo)(huo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)泵對淤(yu)(yu)泥進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)車(che)裝備有大型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)罐、機動卷管(guan)(guan)(guan)器(qi)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵、射(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)頭等(deng)。操作時由汽車(che)引擎驅動高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵，將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后送入(ru)射(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)咀，具有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強度(du)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)噴(pen)嘴的(de)小孔(kong)，再將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)能轉換為動能，從而形成具有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)速(su)沖(chong)擊力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)，依(yi)靠高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)產(chan)生的(de)反作用(yong)(yong)力(li)，使(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)噴(pen)頭和高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)膠管(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)起(qi)向相反的(de)方向行進，同時清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁，噴(pen)頭噴(pen)出的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)可將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道內壁殘留的(de)污(wu)垢(gou)、沉積(ji)物等(deng)沖(chong)到(dao)(dao)下游檢查(cha)井，再由吸(xi)泥車(che)將(jiang)其吸(xi)走。采用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)具有安(an)全、工(gong)作效率高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)、環保無污(wu)染(ran)、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)范圍廣(guang)、節能等(deng)優點。 正因如此(ci)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)近年來得到(dao)(dao)廣(guang)泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)可適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)DN80~DN1500管(guan)(guan)(guan)徑的(de)各類污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道、雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道和工(gong)業管(guan)(guan)(guan)道。

絞車清淤技術

絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術也(ye)稱作機械清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術，這是(shi)(shi)(shi)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的一種(zhong)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術。這種(zhong)技術使(shi)用(yong)(yong)TT片(pian)穿過(guo)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的管道段，TT 片(pian)兩端(duan)都系上(shang)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)，在(zai)(zai)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管段的兩端(duan)檢(jian)查(cha)井(jing)上(shang)各(ge)設1臺絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)，兩根(gen)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)上(shang)另一端(duan)都系在(zai)(zai)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)上(shang)，利用(yong)(yong)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)來(lai)回往復絞(jiao)(jiao)動鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)，帶動TT片(pian)將(jiang)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)刮到下游檢(jian)查(cha)井(jing)內，從(cong)而(er)使(shi)管道得(de)到的清(qing)通。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)的動力(li)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)靠人力(li)手動，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)機動，這要(yao)(yao)根(gen)據(ju)實際(ji)情(qing)況而(er)定(ding)。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)各(ge)種(zhong)直徑的下水管道，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對管道淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塞比較嚴重、淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥(ni)己粘結密(mi)實，用(yong)(yong)水力(li)清(qing)通效果不好時(shi)，采取(qu)這種(zhong)方法(fa)效果很好。但這種(zhong)方法(fa)不足點是(shi)(shi)(shi)，從(cong)一個(ge)井(jing)口向(xiang)另一個(ge)井(jing)口送TT片(pian)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)人工(gong)(gong)下井(jing)完成，如井(jing)下工(gong)(gong)作條件(jian)惡(e)劣，工(gong)(gong)作環境不佳時(shi)會給工(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)作帶來(lai)極大(da)的不便甚至可(ke)(ke)能引發事故，所以(yi)一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)倍加注(zhu)意(yi)安全。至于(yu)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的工(gong)(gong)具(ju)，其種(zhong)類繁多，可(ke)(ke)根(gen)據(ju)實際(ji)情(qing)況選用(yong)(yong)。這是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種(zhong)老式(shi)清(qing)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方法(fa)，雖然具(ju)有一定(ding)的歷(li)史年限(xian)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)目(mu)前也(ye)比較常(chang)用(yong)(yong)。

水沖刷清淤法

水(shui)沖刷清(qing)淤一(yi)般通過能擋(dang)水(shui)設備(例如：氣囊)把管道(dao)中的(de)(de)污水(shui)阻擋(dang)在其裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)上(shang)游，為水(shui)位達到一(yi)定高(gao)度后便放水(shui)，使(shi)上(shang)游水(shui)形成水(shui)流來清(qing)除管道(dao)內的(de)(de)沉積(ji)物。沉積(ji)物沖走后，這個裝(zhuang)置就向下游移(yi)動一(yi)段位置，再(zai)進行(xing)集水(shui)清(qing)淤。這種技術效率不(bu)高(gao)，所以，應用不(bu)廣泛(fan)。