管(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤是將管(guan)道(dao)(dao)進行疏通(tong)(tong)，清(qing)理(li)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)里面的(de)淤泥，保持長期(qi)暢通(tong)(tong)，以防止城市(shi)發生內澇(lao)。我們走(zou)在(zai)街道(dao)(dao)上都會看到各種(zhong)下水道(dao)(dao)井(jing)蓋，很多(duo)都是污水井(jing)蓋，下雨天供城市(shi)街道(dao)(dao)排水用(yong)的(de)，但是一旦下水道(dao)(dao)堵塞就(jiu)會造成積水，所(suo)以管(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤是市(shi)政建設(she)中很重要的(de)一個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)，那(nei)么在(zai)進行管(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)淤的(de)時候有哪些訣(jue)竅和方(fang)法呢(ni)？

高(gao)壓水射流清淤技術

高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術是現如(ru)今(jin)最廣(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術。該技(ji)(ji)術主要采用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)，通(tong)過高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車把管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)中堵(du)塞的(de)淤(yu)(yu)泥沖刷到污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(排污管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao))或雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)檢查(cha)井，再通(tong)過專用(yong)(yong)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)車或清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)泵對淤(yu)(yu)泥進行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理(li)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車裝備(bei)有(you)(you)大型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)罐、機動卷管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)器、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵、射(she)(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)頭(tou)(tou)等(deng)。操作(zuo)時由(you)汽(qi)車引擎驅(qu)動高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵，將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后送入射(she)(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)咀(ju)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)強度壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)過高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)噴(pen)嘴的(de)小孔，再將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)能(neng)轉換為動能(neng)，從(cong)而形成具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)速沖擊力(li)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)，依靠高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)產生(sheng)的(de)反作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)力(li)，使(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)噴(pen)頭(tou)(tou)和(he)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)膠管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一起向(xiang)相反的(de)方向(xiang)行進，同時清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁(bi)，噴(pen)頭(tou)(tou)噴(pen)出的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)可將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)內壁(bi)殘留的(de)污垢、沉(chen)積物等(deng)沖到下(xia)游檢查(cha)井，再由(you)吸(xi)泥車將(jiang)其吸(xi)走。采用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)安全(quan)、工作(zuo)效率高(gao)(gao)(gao)、環(huan)保(bao)無污染、應用(yong)(yong)范圍廣(guang)、節能(neng)等(deng)優點。 正因如(ru)此，高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術近年來得到廣(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)(she)流(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技(ji)(ji)術可適用(yong)(yong)于DN80~DN1500管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑的(de)各類污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)、雨(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)和(he)工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。

絞車清淤技術

絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)也稱作(zuo)機(ji)械(xie)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)技術(shu)使用(yong)(yong)TT片穿過需(xu)要(yao)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)段，TT 片兩(liang)(liang)端都(dou)系(xi)上鋼絲繩(sheng)，在(zai)(zai)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)段的(de)兩(liang)(liang)端檢查井上各設1臺絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)，兩(liang)(liang)根鋼絲繩(sheng)上另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端都(dou)系(xi)在(zai)(zai)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)上，利用(yong)(yong)絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)來回往復絞(jiao)(jiao)動鋼絲繩(sheng)，帶動TT片將淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥刮到下游檢查井內，從(cong)而使管(guan)道(dao)(dao)得到的(de)清通。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)的(de)動力(li)可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)靠(kao)人力(li)手(shou)動，也可(ke)以(yi)是(shi)機(ji)動，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)要(yao)根據實際(ji)情(qing)況而定(ding)(ding)。絞(jiao)(jiao)車(che)清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術(shu)適用(yong)(yong)于各種(zhong)直(zhi)徑的(de)下水(shui)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)，特別是(shi)對(dui)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)塞(sai)比(bi)較嚴重、淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)泥己粘(zhan)結密(mi)實，用(yong)(yong)水(shui)力(li)清通效果(guo)不好時，采取這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)法效果(guo)很好。但這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)方(fang)法不足點(dian)是(shi)，從(cong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個井口向另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個井口送TT片需(xu)要(yao)人工(gong)(gong)下井完成(cheng)，如井下工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)條件惡劣，工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)環境不佳時會給工(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)帶來極大的(de)不便甚至(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)能(neng)引發事故，所以(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)倍加注(zhu)意安全。至(zhi)(zhi)于清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)工(gong)(gong)具，其種(zhong)類繁多，可(ke)根據實際(ji)情(qing)況選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)老式清淤(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)法，雖然(ran)具有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)歷史年限，但是(shi)目前也比(bi)較常(chang)用(yong)(yong)。

水沖刷清淤法

水(shui)沖刷清淤(yu)一(yi)般通過(guo)能擋水(shui)設備(例如：氣(qi)囊)把管(guan)(guan)道中的污水(shui)阻擋在(zai)其裝置(zhi)的上游(you)，為水(shui)位達到一(yi)定高度后便放水(shui)，使上游(you)水(shui)形成水(shui)流來清除管(guan)(guan)道內的沉(chen)積(ji)物。沉(chen)積(ji)物沖走后，這個裝置(zhi)就向下(xia)游(you)移(yi)動一(yi)段位置(zhi)，再進行集水(shui)清淤(yu)。這種技術效率(lv)不(bu)(bu)高，所以，應用不(bu)(bu)廣泛(fan)。